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Real People Real Problems -- Copyright -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Summary -- ORIGINS OF THE STUDY AND REPORT -- THE LONG-TERM CARE OMBUDSMAN PROGRAM -- STATE COMPLIANCE WITH PROGRAM MANDATES -- Findings -- Recommendations on Compliance -- CONFLICTS OF INTEREST -- Legislative and Conceptual Aspects -- Recommendations on Conflicts of Interest -- EFFECTIVENESS OF THE OMBUDSMAN PROGRAM -- Continuance of the Ombudsman Program -- Exemplary Practices and Performance -- Data and Information Systems -- Research Imperatives -- Adequate Management of Volunteers -- ADEQUACY OF RESOURCES -- Financial Resources and Program Performance -- Formula for Allocating Federal Funds and Level of State Contributions -- MANAGEMENT OF FISCAL RESOURCES -- Unmet Need and Unfunded Responsibilities -- NEED FOR AND FEASIBILITY OF EXPANDING THE OMBUDSMAN PROGRAM -- CLOSING COMMENTS -- 1 Advocating for Quality of Care and Quality of Life for Residents of Long-Term Care Facilities -- INTRODUCTION -- WHAT IS LONG TERM CARE? -- WHO USES LONG TERM CARE? -- Nursing Facility Residents -- Residents of Board and Care Homes and Other Residential Settings -- LONG-TERM CARE EXPENDITURES AND SOURCES OF FUNDS: WHO PAYS? -- QUALITY OF CARE AND QUALITY OF LIFE -- Quality of Care -- Quality of Life -- ASSURING, ASSESSING, AND IMPROVING QUALITY -- THE INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE STUDY -- ORGANIZATION OF THIS REPORT -- 2 Overview of the Older Americans Act Long-Term Care Ombudsman Program -- EVOLUTION OF THE LONG-TERM CARE OMBUDSMAN PROGRAM -- Ombudsman Theory and Practice -- History of the Long-Term Care Ombudsman Program -- STATUS OF THE CURRENT PROGRAM -- Organizational Placement -- Operation -- Target Population -- Human Resources -- Paid Staff -- Volunteers -- Funding -- FUNCTIONS OF THE LONG-TERM CARE OMBUDSMAN PROGRAM -- Resident-Level Advocacy.